Liver Transplant in India
The Liver is one of the five Vital Organs in the
human body. The Liver performs many important functions for the proper
functioning of the Human Body. Any changes or abnormalities in liver tissues
can affect the quality of life and may need medical treatments. Certain Medical
Conditions like Cirrhosis of the Liver, primary Liver cancer, or an
ill-functioning Liver may require a Liver
Transplant to save the life of the patient.
What is a Liver Transplant Surgery?
A liver Transplant is a life-saving Surgery performed
by a specially trained gastroenterology surgeon to replace the damaged or
faulty liver in a patient with a healthy liver either from a deceased donor
liver or the portion of the Liver obtained from a living liver donor.
Liver Transplant Surgery is a complicated surgery and requires great expertise
from gastroenterology surgeons and a proper hospital setup.
Why a Liver transplant is needed?
A liver transplant is needed when the liver tissues
are damaged and the Liver is unable to perform its functions. An end-stage
liver disease patient requires a Liver Transplant for survival. A liver
Transplant is also indicated for the treatment of primary Liver Cancer
when the cancer is localized and the tumor size is smaller. Following medical
conditions may make a Gastroenterologist or Hepatologist recommend a Liver
Transplant for a patient:
ü Liver
Cirrhosis
ü Alcohol-induced
liver damage due to chronic alcoholism
ü Non-alcoholic
fatty liver disease
ü Hemochromatosis
ü Wilson's
disease
ü Primary
biliary Cholangitis (PBC)
ü Primary
sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)
ü Biliary
atresia (generally for pediatric liver patients)
ü Autoimmune
hepatitis
ü Acute
Liver failure
ü Primary
Liver cancer
Types of Liver Transplants
Liver Transplants are done either with
a deceased liver donor or a healthy liver donor.
Deceased Donor Liver Transplant
Orthotopic liver transplant
is replacing the damaged liver in an end-stage liver disease patient with a
healthy liver procured from a deceased donor.
Split liver transplants
are also orthotopic liver transplants where the deceased donor's liver is split
into two and transplanted into two end-stage liver disease patients. In Split
liver transplant surgery, the left lateral cadaveric liver is transplanted into
a child, and the right extended liver is transplanted into an adult patient.
Living Donor Liver Transplants
Living donor liver transplants are done
by taking a portion of the liver from an HLA matching Liver Donor. The Donor
reverts to the full functionality of the Liver within 6 weeks of liver
donation and lives a perfectly normal life.
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